I at position 2 (2Oacetylation) confers serotypes 1b, 3a, 3b, 4b, and 7b with group issue six (6, 18, 19). Glucosylation is mediated by 3 genes (gtrA, gtrB, and gtr [type specific]) that are arranged inside a single operon called the gtr cluster, which is encoded by serotype conversion bacteriophages, with six such bacteriophages identified to date (SfI, SfIC, SfII, SfIV, SfV, and SfX) (205). 2OAcetylation of RhaI is performed by a certain Oacetyltransferase enScoded by the gene oac (18, 19), which can be also carried by the serotype conversion bacteriophage Sf6 (26). Phosphorylation using the PEtN of RhaIII and/or RhaII at position 3 was not too long ago identified within the newly proposed S. flexneri serotypes 4av, Xv, and Yv (4, five, 15, 27) and possibly in atypical strains of serotypes 4, 6, and 4X (92) and was demonstrated to confer the hosts with the MASF IV1 (E1037) antigenic determinant. The plasmid carrying gene opt (Oantigen phosphoethanolamine transferase) mediates the PEtN modification in these serotypes (four, five, 15, 17). Recently, yet a different Oantigen modification, namely, the addition of an Oacetyl group to RhaIII at position 3 or four (3/4Oacetylation), was recognized in S. flexneri serotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 5a, and Y and in serotype 6 as getting a various basal Oantigen structure (16, 280). The new Oacyltransferase oacB gene mediates the 3/4Oacetylation in serotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 5a, and Y but not in serotype six (31). The oacB gene is carried by a transposonlike structure located upstream with the adrA gene around the chromosome (31). The 3/4Oacetylation on RhaIII interferes with glucoReceived 20 January 2014 Returned for modification 6 March 2014 Accepted 21 March 2014 Published ahead of print 26 March 2014 Editor: D. J. Diekema Address correspondence to Qiangzheng Sun, [email protected]. J.W., R.L., and Y.A.K. contributed equally to this operate. Copyright 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. doi:ten.1128/JCM.00197June 2014 Volume 52 NumberJournal of Clinical Microbiologyp. 2033jcm.asm.orgWang et al.2) LRhapIII(1 2) LRhapII(1 three) LRhapI(1 three) DGlcpNAc(1 3/4 OAc( 60 /20 ) three DGlcp 4 DGlcp 4 DGlcp2) LRhapIII(1 two) LRhapII(1 three) LRhapI(1 three) DGlcpNAc(FIG 1 OAntigen structures of immunizing strain S.4-Fluoropicolinaldehyde Purity flexneri 51251_pSQZ4 and absorbing strain S.Mal-PEG3-NHS ester uses flexneri 51251 applied for the preparation of grouping antiserum 9.sylation (group factor 7,8) and PEtN phosphorylation (group factor IV1) with the identical sugar residue mediated by the gtrX gene cluster as well as the opt gene, respectively, resulting within the loss from the 7,8 determinant or a reduce inside the degree of the MASF IV1 determinant manifestation (17).PMID:23795974 In this function, we studied the distribution from the 3/4Oacetylation in S. flexneri by PCR screening in the oacB gene and serological assay working with a distinct absorbed antiserum, and we discovered that this Oantigen modification is widespread in serotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 5a, and Y and confers the host using a novel antigenic determinant provisionally named issue 9.Components AND METHODSEthics statement. This study was reviewed and authorized by the ethics committee with the National Institute for Communicable Disease Manage and Prevention, China CDC. Strains and culturing circumstances. S. flexneri strain 51251 carrying vector pSQZ4 (51251_pSQZ4) (31), which possesses the 3/4Oacetylation on RhaIII within the O antigen, was used because the immunizing strain (Fig. 1). S. flexneri 51251 (31), the parent strain of transformant 51251_pSQZ4, which lacked the 3/4Oacetylation on RhaIII (Fig. 1).